ISBN: 443168011X

[EAN: 9784431680116], Neubuch, [PU: Springer Japan], CARBAMATE; PHOSPHOR; INSECTICIDE; PESTICIDE; PESTICIDES, Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Insect pest control has continuously evolved from… Mehr…

[EAN: 9784431680116], Neubuch, [PU: Springer Japan], CARBAMATE; PHOSPHOR; INSECTICIDE; PESTICIDE; PESTICIDES, Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Insect pest control has continuously evolved from inorganics to botanicals, to chlo rinated hydrocarbons, to organophosphorus compounds and methylcarbamates, then synthetic pyrethroids and most recently synthetic nicotinoids as the major classes. These insecticides allowed high standards of crop protection at minimal cost. A limitation in each new class of compounds is the selection of resistant strains and ultimate control failures and this serves as a driving force to discover and develop replacement compounds to circumvent resistance and overcome problem areas. The nicotinoids now play a critical role in meeting this need. Three generations of chemicals are involved in the history of nicotinoid insecti cides. The first generation was the botanical nicotine used for at least three centuries to control sucking insect pests but largely replaced in the 1940s and 1950s by the more effective organophosphorus compounds and methylcarbamates, some with systemic properties. Synthesis programs based on nicotine as a prototype did not yield compounds that could compete with other synthetic insecticides. The second generation was the nitromethylene type such as nithiazine, discovered by Shell sci entists in a screening/optimization program. The nitromethylenes had the potency, selectivity, and systemic properties but lacked the field effectiveness largely because of photolability (so close yet so far from a major commercial product). The third generation required a series of advances made by Bayer researchers starting from nithiazine as the model and enhancing its photostability and potency with a nitroimine and chloropyridyl moiety, respectively, to give imidacloprid, the subject of much of this monograph. 312 pp. Englisch, Books<

ISBN: 9784431680116

Paperback, [PU: Springer Verlag, Japan], Insect pest control has continuously evolved from inorganics to botanicals, to chlo- rinated hydrocarbons, to organophosphorus compounds and methy… Mehr…

Paperback, [PU: Springer Verlag, Japan], Insect pest control has continuously evolved from inorganics to botanicals, to chlo- rinated hydrocarbons, to organophosphorus compounds and methylcarbamates, then synthetic pyrethroids and most recently synthetic nicotinoids as the major classes. These insecticides allowed high standards of crop protection at minimal cost. A limitation in each new class of compounds is the selection of resistant strains and ultimate control failures and this serves as a driving force to discover and develop replacement compounds to circumvent resistance and overcome problem areas. The nicotinoids now play a critical role in meeting this need. Three generations of chemicals are involved in the history of nicotinoid insecti- cides. The first generation was the botanical nicotine used for at least three centuries to control sucking insect pests but largely replaced in the 1940s and 1950s by the more effective organophosphorus compounds and methylcarbamates, some with systemic properties. Synthesis programs based on nicotine as a prototype did not yield compounds that could compete with other synthetic insecticides. The second generation was the nitromethylene type such as nithiazine, discovered by Shell sci- entists in a screening/optimization program. The nitromethylenes had the potency, selectivity, and systemic properties but lacked the field effectiveness largely because of photolability (so close yet so far from a major commercial product). The third generation required a series of advances made by Bayer researchers starting from nithiazine as the model and enhancing its photostability and potency with a nitroimine and chloropyridyl moiety, respectively, to give imidacloprid, the subject of much of this monograph., Agricultural Science<

ISBN: 9784431680116

Insect pest control has continuously evolved from inorganics to botanicals, to chlo­ rinated hydrocarbons, to organophosphorus compounds and methylcarbamates, then synthetic pyrethro… Mehr…

Insect pest control has continuously evolved from inorganics to botanicals, to chlo­ rinated hydrocarbons, to organophosphorus compounds and methylcarbamates, then synthetic pyrethroids and most recently synthetic nicotinoids as the major classes. These insecticides allowed high standards of crop protection at minimal cost. A limitation in each new class of compounds is the selection of resistant strains and ultimate control failures and this serves as a driving force to discover and develop replacement compounds to circumvent resistance and overcome problem areas. The nicotinoids now play a critical role in meeting this need. Three generations of chemicals are involved in the history of nicotinoid insecti­ cides. The first generation was the botanical nicotine used for at least three centuries to control sucking insect pests but largely replaced in the 1940s and 1950s by the more effective organophosphorus compounds and methylcarbamates, some with systemic properties. Synthesis programs based on nicotine as a prototype did not yield compounds that could compete with other synthetic insecticides. The second generation was the nitromethylene type such as nithiazine, discovered by Shell sci­ entists in a screening/optimization program. The nitromethylenes had the potency, selectivity, and systemic properties but lacked the field effectiveness largely because of photolability (so close yet so far from a major commercial product). The third generation required a series of advances made by Bayer researchers starting from nithiazine as the model and enhancing its photostability and potency with a nitroimine and chloropyridyl moiety, respectively, to give imidacloprid, the subject of much of this monograph. Books List_Books<

ISBN: 9784431680116

The nicotinoids are the most important new class of pesticides, joining the organophosphorus compounds, methylcarbamates, and pyrethroids as the major insecticides. Recently, imidacloprid… Mehr…

The nicotinoids are the most important new class of pesticides, joining the organophosphorus compounds, methylcarbamates, and pyrethroids as the major insecticides. Recently, imidacloprid and related nicotinoids have begun replacing organophosphorus and methylcarbamate compounds as insecticides to control insect pests on major crops. Nicotinoids act on the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, as does naturally occurring nicotine, but with remarkable effectiveness against insects while being safe for mammals; they are quickly degraded and do not persist in the environment. This volume describes the relationship of nicotinoids to botanical insecticidal alkaloids, their discovery and development as insecticides, and the prospects for their expanded use and for the development of resistance. This book is the first to provide concise, comprehensive information on nicotinoids, their chemistry, mode of action, metabolism, and application in agriculture. Trade Books>Trade Paperback>Nature & Wildlife>Agriculture,Farming,Animal Husbandry>Agr,Farm,Animal Husbandry, Springer Japan Core >1<

2013, ISBN: 443168011X

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1999 Kartoniert / Broschiert Forstwirtschaft und Waldbau: Praxis und Techniken, Carbamate; Phosphor; insecticide; pesticide; Pesticides, mit Sc… Mehr…

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1999 Kartoniert / Broschiert Forstwirtschaft und Waldbau: Praxis und Techniken, Carbamate; Phosphor; insecticide; pesticide; Pesticides, mit Schutzumschlag neu, [PU:Springer Japan; Springer Japan KK]<