Weisgall, Jonathan M.:Operation Crossroads; The Atomic Tests at Bikini Atoll
- signiertes Exemplar 1994, ISBN: 1557509190
Gebundene Ausgabe, Erstausgabe
[EAN: 9781557509192], Gebraucht, sehr guter Zustand, [PU: Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, MD], ATOMIC BOMB, DEAN ACHESON, ENERGY COMMISSION, BERNARD BARUCH, WILLIAM BLANDY, JAMES BYRNES… Mehr…
[EAN: 9781557509192], Gebraucht, sehr guter Zustand, [PU: Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, MD], ATOMIC BOMB, DEAN ACHESON, ENERGY COMMISSION, BERNARD BARUCH, WILLIAM BLANDY, JAMES BYRNES, FORRESTAL, LESLIE GROVES, KWAJALEIN, LOS ALAMOS, CURTIS LEMAY, ROBERT OPPENHEIMER, PARSONS, RADSAFE MONITORS, RONGERIK, STAFFORD WARREN, Jacket, xvii, [3], 415, [5] p. Illustrations. Appendix: Disposition of Target Vessels at Operation Crossroads. Notes. Bibliography. Index. DJ has slight wear and soiling. Minor wear to board edges. Jonathan Weisgall is Vice President for Legislative and Regulatory Affairs for Berkshire Hathaway Energy, formerly MidAmerican Energy Holdings Company. He also serves as chairman of the board of directors of the Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Technologies and president of the Geothermal Energy Association. He is an Adjunct Professor of Law at Georgetown University Law Center, where he has taught a seminar on energy issues since 1990, and he has also guest lectured on energy issues at Stanford Law School and the Johns Hopkins Environmental Science and Policy Program. Mr. Weisgall graduated Phi Beta Kappa from Columbia College and from Stanford Law School, where he served on the Board of Editors of Stanford Law Review. He previously practiced law in Washington, D.C. at Covington & Burling, has written law review articles for Wisconsin Law Review and University of San Francisco Law Review, and has published articles in Legal Times, The New York Times, Los Angeles Times, Foreign Policy, SAIS Review, and The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists Recounts the many controversies surrounding the two atomic test explosions at Bikini Atoll in 1946. From the dust jacket: "This book, based on a wide range of previously unavailable material, is the first historical assessment of the Bikini tests not compiled by the U. S. Government. Extracted from Publishers Weekly: "Based on a wealth of previously untapped material, this comprehensive examination of the world's first nuclear disaster is the first account of the Bikini atomic test explosions from a nongovernment source. Weisgall reconstructs the air-dropped "Able" test and the underwater "Baker" test, both conducted in July 1946, and explains how the sites were determined from a bitter rivalry between the Navy and the Air Force, how the tests affected U. S. -Soviet relations and why there was a scientific failure. In light of the current attention on U. S. Government radiation experiments on humans and the postwar cover-up of nuclear-weapons testing, Weisgall's study is timely as well as chilling. He charges that the Navy ignored warnings about the dire consequences of radioactive fallout which, during the Operation Crossroads tests, blanketed 95 guinea-pig ships with deadly radiation and sunk 16 of them at Bikini lagoon. Finally, he relates the sad saga of the Bikinians who were relocated several times before and after the tests, which turned their atoll in the Ratok chain of the Marshall Islands into a laboratory of death. An attorney in Washington, D. C., and adjunct professor at Georgetown University, Weisgall has represented the people of Bikini in suits against the U. S. Government since 1975. " From Wikipedia: Operation Crossroads was a pair of nuclear weapon tests conducted by the United States at Bikini Atoll in mid-1946. They were the first nuclear weapon tests since Trinity in July 1945, and the first detonations of nuclear devices since the atomic bombing of Nagasaki on August 9, 1945. The purpose of the tests was to investigate the effect of nuclear weapons on warships. The Crossroads tests were the first of many nuclear tests held in the Marshall Islands, and the first to be publicly announced beforehand and observed by an invited audience, including a large press corps. They were conducted by Joint Army/Navy Task Force One, headed by Vice Admiral William H. P. Blandy rather than by the Manhattan Project, which had developed nuclear weapons during World War II. A fleet of 95 target ships was assembled in Bikini Lagoon and hit with two detonations of Fat Man plutonium implosion-type nuclear weapons of the kind dropped on Nagasaki, each with a yield of 23 kilotons of TNT (96 TJ). The first test was Able. The bomb was named Gilda after Rita Hayworth's character in the 1946 film Gilda, and was dropped from the B-29 Superfortress Dave's Dream of the 509th Bombardment Group on July 1, 1946. It detonated 520 feet (158 m) above the target fleet and caused less than the expected amount of ship damage because it missed its aim point by 2,130 feet (649 m). The second test was Baker. The bomb was known as Helen of Bikini and was detonated 90 feet (27 m) underwater on July 25, 1946. Radioactive sea spray caused extensive contamination. A third deep-water test named Charlie was planned for 1947 but was canceled primarily because of the United States Navy's inability to decontaminate the target ships after the Baker test. Ultimately, only nine target ships were able to be scrapped rather than scuttled. Charlie was rescheduled as Operation Wigwam, a deep-water shot conducted in 1955 off the coast of Mexico (Baja California). Bikini's native residents agreed to evacuate the island, and were evacuated on board the LST-861, with most moving to the Rongerik Atoll. In the 1950s, a series of large thermonuclear tests rendered Bikini unfit for subsistence farming and fishing because of radioactive contamination. Bikini remains uninhabited as of 2017, though it is occasionally visited by sport divers. Planners attempted to protect participants in the Operation Crossroads tests against radiation sickness, but one study showed that the life expectancy of participants was reduced by an average of three months. The Baker test's radioactive contamination of all the target ships was the first case of immediate, concentrated radioactive fallout from a nuclear explosion. Chemist Glenn T. Seaborg, the longest-serving chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission, called Baker "the world's first nuclear disaster.", Books<